It would need to surrender unconditionally and there would be no separate peace
It was also agreed to hunt down and punish war criminals
Germany would have to pay reparations, and the Soviet Union would receive half of them
Germany was to be divided into four zones of occupation
Though Berlin was to be in the Soviet zone, it too was to be divided into four zones
In each case, the zones were to be controlled by the Soviet Union, America, Britain and France
Austria (and Vienna) would be divided into four zones of occupation too
A ‘Declaration on Liberated Europe’ was agreed – as east European countries were liberated, they would be able to hold free elections to set up democratic governments
A provisional government was to be established in Poland – the Polish Provisional Government of National Unity – comprising the Lublin Poles and the exiled London Poles followed by free elections
But Poland’s borders would be shifted westwards (the Soviet Union taking land in the east, Poland taking land from Germany in the west)
Though Eastern Europe would become a ‘sphere of influence’ for the Soviet Union
Once Germany was defeated, the Soviet Union would join the war against Japan
Russia would receive land in Manchuria and territory lost in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–5
A United Nations Organisation would be set up to keep the peace
What was agreed at Potsdam?
The details of the occupation zones were agreed; also that there would be an Allied Control Council in Berlin, and that the country would be treated as a single economic unit
The details of German reparations were agreed
Industrial equipment could be taken from the Soviet zone as reparations
The Nazi Party was banned and its leaders were to be tried as war criminals, and Germany would be denazified
It was agreed that German nationals living in Poland, Hungary and Czechoslovakia would be forcibly repatriated (but not Sudetan Germans)
The new Poland borders were agreed too – the Polish-German border would be settled at the Oder-Neisse Line and the Eastern frontier would to return to its pre-1921 position
And it was agreed that a Council of Foreign Ministers would be set up to deal with the other defeated powers